Background: Estrogen receptors (ER) α and β play an important role in breast cancer.
Recently, systemic adjuvant endocrine therapy with selective estrogen receptor modulator …

Introduction Coexpression of estrogen receptors (ER) α and β is present in about half of all
breast cancer cases. Whereas ERα is a well-established target for endocrine therapy with …

Estrogen is a risk factor of breast cancer. Elevated expression of aromatase (estrogen
synthase) in breast tissues increases local estradiol concentrations and is associated with …

Background New, third-generation aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have proven comparable or
superior to the anti-estrogen tamoxifen for treatment of estrogen receptor (ER) and/or …

Background The role of estrogen receptor beta (ER-β) in breast cancer (BC) remains
unclear. Some studies have suggested that ER-β may oppose the actions of estrogen …

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of the third-generation aromatase inhibitor letrozole
(Femara) on breast cancer tissue levels of estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and estrone sulfate …

Purpose: Endocrine therapies, such as tamoxifen, are commonly given to most patients with
estrogen receptor (ERα)–positive breast carcinoma but are not indicated for persons with …

Purpose: To determine if the degree of estrogen suppression with aromatase inhibitors (AI:
anastrozole, exemestane, letrozole) is associated with efficacy in early-stage breast cancer …

The influence of 17β-estradiol (E2), tamoxifen (TAM) and raloxifen (RLX) on the proliferation
of breast (BC) and endometrial carcinoma cell lines (EC) and the expression of different …

Oestrogens have a broad spectrum of physiological functions, ranging from regulation of the
menstrual cycle and reproduction to the modulation of bone, brain and lipid metabolism …