Malignancy is one of the most common causes of pleural effusion. Malignant pleural effusion
is defined by the presence of malignant cells in the pleural fluid. Development of malignant …

Background: The role of combinations of tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen
(CEA), carbohydrate antigens (CA) 125, 15-3, and 19-9, and CYFRA 21-1 (a fragment of …

Abstract Aims Thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) is a tumor biomarker in human malignancies. The
purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of this marker for lung cancer …

Determination of the cause of malignant pleural effusions is important for treatment and
management, especially in cases of unknown primaries. There are limited biomarkers …

Malignant pleural effusion is a frequent complication in many types of tumors, and its
presence indicates short expected survival. This review updates the current knowledge …

Background: The presence of tumour cells in pleural fluid or tissue defines an effusion as
malignant. Cytology analysis of the pleural fluid has about 60% diagnostic sensitivity …

Background/Aim: Cytological analysis for diagnosing malignant pleural effusion associated
with lung adenocarcinoma (Ad-MPE) shows limited sensitivity and novel diagnostic …

Background: The diagnostic value of tumor markers in pleural effusion (PE) and serum for
malignant pleural effusion (MPE) was still in debate. The study aimed to evaluate the …

Introduction There is a need for a rapid, accurate, less-invasive approach to distinguishing
malignant from benign pleural effusions. We investigated the diagnostic value of five pleural …

Requests for testing various analytes in serous fluids (eg pleural, peritoneal, pericardial
effusions) are submitted daily to clinical laboratories. Testing of these fluids deviates from …