After stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases, delayed radiation effects with
mass effect may occur from several months to years later, when tumors may also recur. …

Skull metastases are malignant bone tumors which are increasing in incidence. The
objectives of this study were to characterize the MR imaging features, locations, and extent of …

Background High-grade gliomas including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are among the
most malignant and aggressive of tumors, and have a very poor prognosis despite a …

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, a member of a family of DNA-binding
molecules, is a potential target in the treatment of cancer. The highly phosphorylated …

INTRODUCTION: Based on previous reports, patients who experience isolated central nervous
system (CNS) failure may not have systemic acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI therapy. …

Purpose: Humanized mouse models using NOD/Shi-scid-IL2rγ null (NOG) and NOD/LtSz-scid
IL2rγ null (NSG) mouse are associated with several limitations, such as long incubation …

Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology remains the gold standard approach for
diagnosing of leptomeningeal metastases (LM), but has clinical problems due to its low …

Purpose While leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) from estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative
advanced breast cancer (ER + HER2-ABC) has a poor prognosis, the details of ER + …

OBJECTIVE The median postoperative survival duration of patients with brain metastases
who undergo tumor resection is 12 months. Most of these patients die of systemic metastases …

T2-FLAIR mismatch sign is known as a highly specific imaging marker of IDH-mutant
astrocytomas. This study was intended to clarify what the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign represents by …