This case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the testis/spermatic cord was found in a Holocaust survivor who was injected with an unknown substance in the left testicle while in Auschwitz concentration camp in 1943. Because malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a neoplasm rarely found in this location, with only 26 previously reported cases, a review of this entity was performed. A review of Nazi medical practices in the literature and through the Holocaust Museum research department was undertaken in an attempt to ascertain identification of the unknown substance injected into this patient; however, exact identification of the Auschwitz experiment or experimenter could not be determined. A left radical orchiectomy was performed, and subsequent histolopathologic review revealed a well-encapsulated 27 x 22 x 17-cm malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The left testis was not clearly identified due to necrosis of the tumor. This is the largest malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the spermatic cord/testis recorded in the literature to date. Based on the unusual location and size, the intratesticular injection probably contributed to the tumor development and certainly caused the patient's delay in seeking medical treatment.