Eight consecutive patients with recurrent malignant oligodendroglioma were treated with systemic chemotherapy. Six patients received a combination of procarbazine, lomustine (CCNU), and vincristine; 1 received carmustine (BCNU), and 1 diaziquone. All responded by clinical and computed tomographic scan criteria. One patient had a complete response for 78 weeks, and 7 patients had unequivocal partial responses lasting 30+ to 68+ weeks. Two partial responders had complete control of systemic metastases. Malignant oligodendroglioma is a uniquely chemosensitive glial tumor.