Patient compliance with physician's medication instructions has been a growing concern for nearly two decades. Elderly patients are thought to have more difficulty following prescription instructions because they generally have more medications prescribed, often suffer from cognitive decline, and frequently have physical limitations such as failing eyesight and hearing. Exhibiting a genuine concern to patients for the importance of drug therapy and adherence to directions is the first step to improve compliance. Providing adequate verbal and written medication instruction, and implementing routine assessment of medication compliance should greatly improve response to drug therapy and decrease adverse effects.