The vitamin D analog, MART-10, represses metastasis potential via downregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer cells

Cancer Lett. 2014 Nov 28;354(2):235-44. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.08.019. Epub 2014 Aug 19.

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer (PDA) is a devastating disease and there is no effective treatment available at present. To develop new regiments against PDA is urgently needed. Previously we have shown that vitamin D analog, MART-10 (19-nor-2α-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1α,25(OH)2D3), exerted potent antiproliferative effect on PDA in vitro and in vivo without causing hypercalcemia. Since metastasis is the major cause of PDA-related death, we therefore investigate the anti-metastasis effect of MART-10 on PDA. Our results showed that both 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 repressed migration and invasion of BxPC-3 and PANC cells with MART-10 much more potent than 1α,25(OH)2D3. 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer cells through downregulation of Snail, Slug, and Vimentin expression in BxPC-3 and PANC cells. MART-10 further blocked cadherin switch (from E-cadherin to N-cadherin) in BxPC-3 cells. The F-actin synthesis in the cytoplasm of BxPC-3 cells was also repressed by 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 as determined by immunofluorescence stain. Both 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 decreased MMP-2 and -9 secretion in BxPC-3 cells as determined by western blot and zymography. Collectively, MART-10 should be deemed as a promising regimen against PDA.

Keywords: BxPC-3; EMT; MART-10; Metastasis; Pancreatic cancer; Vitamin D analog.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, CD / metabolism
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cadherins / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cholecalciferol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Cholecalciferol / pharmacology
  • Down-Regulation / drug effects
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / biosynthesis
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / biosynthesis
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / biosynthesis
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology*

Substances

  • 19-nor-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
  • Antigens, CD
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • CDH2 protein, human
  • Cadherins
  • Cholecalciferol
  • MMP13 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13
  • MMP2 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • MMP9 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9