The unique pathology of nonpolypoid colorectal neoplasia in IBD

Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2014 Jul;24(3):455-68. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2014.03.009.

Abstract

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease may develop dysplasia in the cryptal epithelium, polypoid neoplasias, and nonpolypoid (flat) adenomas, lesions at risk to proceed to colorectal carcinoma. The onset of invasion in nonpolypoid adenomas may occur without changes in the shape or the size of the lesion. In experimental animals, some colonotropic carcinogens induce polypoid and nonpolypoid neoplasias and others induce polypoid neoplasias exclusively. Some of the biologic attributes of nonpolypoid adenomas in humans can be demonstrated in laboratory animals.

Keywords: Biologic attributes; Chronologic appearance; Classification; Experimental studies; Histopathology; IBD; Nonpolypoid colorectal adenomas.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adenoma / etiology
  • Adenoma / metabolism
  • Adenoma / pathology*
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Carcinoma / etiology
  • Carcinoma / pathology*
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Colonic Polyps / etiology
  • Colonic Polyps / pathology*
  • Colonoscopy
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / etiology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / complications
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / pathology*
  • Mucins / metabolism
  • Precancerous Conditions / etiology
  • Precancerous Conditions / pathology*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
  • Rats
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism
  • ras Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • KRAS protein, human
  • Mucins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
  • ras Proteins