Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: origin and molecular oncology

Nat Rev Cancer. 2011 Nov 17;11(12):865-78. doi: 10.1038/nrc3143.

Abstract

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are a paradigm for the development of personalized treatment for cancer patients. The nearly simultaneous discovery of a biomarker that is reflective of their origin and the presence of gain-of-function kinase mutations in these tumours set the stage for more accurate diagnosis and the development of kinase inhibitor therapy. Subsequent studies of genotype and phenotype have led to a molecular classification of GIST and to treatment optimization on the basis of molecular subtype. The study of drug-resistant tumours has advanced our understanding of kinase biology, enabling the development of novel kinase inhibitors. Further improvements in GIST treatment may require targeting GIST stem cell populations and/or additional genomic events.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Benzamides
  • Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / drug therapy
  • Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / genetics*
  • Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Imatinib Mesylate
  • Mutation
  • Piperazines / therapeutic use
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / genetics
  • Pyrimidines / therapeutic use
  • Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / genetics
  • Succinate Dehydrogenase / genetics

Substances

  • Benzamides
  • Piperazines
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Pyrimidines
  • Imatinib Mesylate
  • Succinate Dehydrogenase
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit
  • Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor