Aim: To investigate the trend in gastric cancer surgery in the context of rapid therapeutic advancement in Japan and East Asia.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 4163 patients who underwent gastric resection for gastric cancer with histological confirmation between 1971 and 2007 at the surgical unit in Kitasato University Hospital, to determine the trend in gastric cancer requiring surgery.
Results: Gastric cancer requiring surgical resection increased in our hospital, but the incidence adjusted for population was constant during the observed period. Interestingly, the ratio of diffuse type/intestinal type gastric cancer was unexpectedly unchanged, and that of advanced/early gastric cancer (EGC) was, however, markedly reduced, while the actual incidence of potentially curative advanced gastric cancer tended to decrease. The incidence of EGC requiring surgery tended to increase as a whole, which is consistent with increased prevalence of endoscopic surveillance. As a result, overall survival and mortality of gastric cancer requiring gastric resection has recently markedly improved.
Conclusion: In Japan, planned interventions may improve surgical gastric cancer mortality, but an unexpected trend of persistent existence of intestinal type cancer suggests the need for more robust medical intervention.
Keywords: Age factors; Clinical classification; Disease progression; Gastric cancer; Histology; Prognosis.