Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exhibit beneficial biological functions in carcinogenic processes. We examined the effects of PUFAs in the acid and phospholipid forms on three colon cancer cell lines (HT-29, Caco-2, and DLD-1). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) in both acid and phospholipid forms showed growth inhibition effects on experimental colon cancer cell lines. But these PUFAs had the strongest growth-inhibitory effect on HT-29 than Caco-2 and DLD-1. Combined application of PUFAs and sodium butyrate (NaBt) increased the growth inhibition. Growth inhibition was apparently caused by increased lipid peroxidation. DHA or EPA in combination with NaBt significantly increased caspase-3 activity compared to control. DHA and DHA-rich phosphatidylcholine decreased Bcl-2 level in HT-29 and Caco-2 cells.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antioxidants / pharmacology
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Apoptosis / drug effects*
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Arachidonic Acid / chemistry
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Asterias / chemistry
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Butylated Hydroxytoluene / pharmacology
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Butyrates / metabolism
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Butyrates / pharmacology
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Caco-2 Cells
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Caspase 3 / metabolism
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cell Survival / drug effects
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Colonic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
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Colonic Neoplasms / metabolism
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Colonic Neoplasms / pathology
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Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Decapodiformes / chemistry
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Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / metabolism
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Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / pharmacology*
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HT29 Cells
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Humans
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Indomethacin / pharmacology
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Lipid Peroxidation* / drug effects
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Lipid Peroxidation* / physiology
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Phospholipids / metabolism
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Phospholipids / pharmacology*
Substances
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Antioxidants
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Butyrates
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Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
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Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
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Phospholipids
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Butylated Hydroxytoluene
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Arachidonic Acid
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Caspase 3
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Indomethacin