Hepatic resection is considered the treatment of choice for HCC; however, the prognosis of patients after resection of HCC varies widely, depending on the clinicopathologic features. The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)/International Union Against Cancer (UICC) tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system is widely used evaluating patients with HCC. The current TNM staging for HCC uses pathologic characteristics of tumors, including size, number and location of tumor nodules, presence of vascular invasion, perforation of visceral peritoneum, and invasion of adjacent organs as criteria for T staging. Recently, a simplified AJCC/UICC staging for HCC has been proposed. In addition, the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan proposed a new simplified staging system based on number of tumor nodules, size of tumors, and invasion into the portal vein, hepatic vein, or bile duct. This article evaluates the prognostic value of the new AJCC/UICC TNM staging and the new Japanese staging in a large cohort of Chinese patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC in a single institution.