Chest
Original ResearchAssociation Between Lung Cancer Incidence and Family History of Lung Cancer: Data From a Large-Scale Population-Based Cohort Study, the JPHC Study
Section snippets
Study Population
The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study was launched in 1990 for cohort I and in 1993 for cohort II. Cohort I comprised five prefectural public health center (PHC) areas, and cohort II comprised six PHC areas. The details of the study design have been described elsewhere.28, 29 The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Center, Japan. In the present analysis, one PHC area was excluded because data on cancer incidence were not
Results
During the 1,116,731 person-years of follow-up (average follow-up period, 10.9 years) for the 102,255 subjects (48,834 men, 53,421 women), a total of 791 cases of newly diagnosed lung cancer (584 men, 207 women) were documented. At baseline, the mean age of the study subjects was 51.7 years (range, 40 to 69 years) [Table 1]. Male and female subjects were of almost same age (mean age, 51.6 years and 51.9 years, respectively).
Table 2 shows HRs and their 95% CI of lung cancer according to family
Discussion
The purpose of the present study was to determine the association between a family history of lung cancer and subsequent risk of lung cancer in a Japanese population. To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study of this association in Japan.
The familial risk of lung cancer documented in previous studies23, 24, 25 may have been due to shared environmental as well as hereditary predisposition. Study8, 18, 33 findings suggest that the long-held belief that lung cancer is not hereditary
Conclusions
In conclusion, our long-term follow-up of a large-scale, population-based cohort identified a significant increase in the risk of lung cancer associated with a family history of lung cancer in a first-degree relative in a Japanese population. Our results suggest that those with a family history of lung cancer are more likely to acquire lung cancer themselves, although further studies are needed to clarify if there is an effect modification between family history of lung cancer and smoking.
Appendix
Members of the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study group are as follows: S. Tsugane, M. Inoue, T. Sobue, T. Hanaoka, National Cancer Center, Tokyo; J. Ogata, S. Baba, T. Mannami, A. Okayama, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita; K. Miyakawa, F. Saito, A. Koizumi, Y. Sano, I. Hashimoto, Iwate Prefectural Ninohe Public Health Center, Ninohe; Y. Miyajima, N. Suzuki, S. Nagasawa, Y. Furusugi, N. Nagai, Akita Prefectural Yokote Public Health Center, Yokote; H. Sanada, Y. Hatayama, F.
Acknowledgment
The authors thank all staff members in each study area for their efforts with baseline and follow-up surveys. We also thank the Iwate, Aomori, Ibaraki, Niigata, Osaka, Kochi, Nagasaki, and Okinawa Cancer Registries for providing the incidence data.
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This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Cancer Research and for the Third Term Comprehensive 10-Year-Strategy for Cancer Control from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan.
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Reproduction of this article is prohibited without written permission from the American College of Chest Physicians (www.chestjournal.org/misc/reprints.shtml).