Abstract
The genetic events associated with the development and progression of head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSC) are largely unknown. We analysed 12 matched pairs of histologically normal squamous mucosa and tumor specimens from six conventional and six phenotypic variants HNSC to define the differentially expressed genes in these tumors. Parallel expression analysis of 8055 unique genes was performed, and the level of the hybridization signal for each gene was measured after normalization. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the expressed genes showed distinct inter- and intra-tumoral patterns in and between conventional squamous carcinoma and squamous carcinoma variants. We also identified 26 (0.32%) differentially expressed genes that were consistently different between matched pairs of normal and tumor specimens; a selected set of the overexpressed genes was validated using real-time quantitative RT–PCR. The majority of the genes were associated with differentiation and proliferation. Our study defines a set of genes that could form the basis for the construction of limited HNSC targeted expression array and indepth studies and further highlights gene profile differences that may be useful in pathobiologic classification of HNSC.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 50 print issues and online access
$259.00 per year
only $5.18 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abraham JM, Wang S, Suzuki H, Jiang HY, Rosenblum-Vos LS, Yin L, Meltzer SJ . 1996 Cell Growth Differ. 7: 855–860
Alevizos I, Mahadevappa M, Zhang X, Ohyama H, Kohno Y, Posner M, Gallagher GT, Varvares M, Cohen D, Kim D, Kent R, Donoff RB, Todd R, Yung CM, Warrington JA, Wong DT . 2001 Oncogene 20: 6196–6204
Amundson SA, Bittner M, Chen Y, Trent J, Meltzer P, Fornance AJ . 1999 Oncogene 18: 3666–3672
Anbazhagan R, Tihan T, Bornman DM, Johnston JC, Saltz JH, Weigering A, Piantadosi S, Gabrielson E . 1999 Cancer Res. 59: 5119–5122
Austin SJ, Fujimoto W, Marvin KW, Vollberg TM, Lorand L, Jetten AM . 1996 J. Biol. Chem. 271: 3737–3742
Balm AJM, Hageman PC, VanDoornewaard MH, Groeneveld EM, Ivanyi D . 1996 Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 253: 227–233
Banks RF, Frierson HF, Mills SE, George E, Zarbo RJ, Swanson PE . 1992 Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 16: 939–946
Bertucci F, Houlgatte R, Benziane A, Granjeaud S, Adelaide J, Tagett R, Loriod B, Jacquemier J, Viens P, Jordon B, Birnbaum D, Nguyen C . 2000 Hum. Mol. Genet. 9: 2981–2991
Bockmühl U, Schlüns K, Küchler I, Petersen S, Petersen I . 2000 Am. J. Pathol. 157: 369–375
Califano J, van der Riet P, Westra W, Naroz H, Clayman G, Piantadosi S, Corio R, Lee D, Greenberg B, Koch W, Sidransky D . 1996 Cancer Res. 56: 2488–2492
Chaib H, Cockrell EK, Rubin MA, Macoska JA . 2001 Neoplasma 3: 43–52
Chu PG, Lyda MH, Weiss LM . 2001 Histopathology 39: 9–16
DeBenedetti VMG, Biglia N, Sismondi P, DeBortoli M . 2000 Int. J. Biol. Markers 15: 1–9
Diehn M, Eisen MB, Botstein D, Brown PO . 2000 Nat. Genet. 25: 58–62
Donato R . 2001 Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 33: 637–668
Eisen MB, Spellman PT, Brown PO, Botstein D . 1998 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95: 14863–14868
Ellis GL, Langloss JM, Heffner DK, Hyams VJ . 1987 Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 11: 335–342
El-Naggar AK, Hurr K, Batsakis JG, Luna MA, Goepfert H, Huff V . 1995 Cancer Res. 5: 2656–2659
El-Naggar AK, Lai S, Clayman G, Lee JJ, Luna MA, Goepfert H, Batsakis JG . 1997 Am. J. Pathol. 151: 1767–1774
Emmert-Buck M, Strausberg RI, Krizman DB, Bonaldo MF, Bonner RF, Bostwick DG, Brown MR, Buetow KH, Chuaqui RF, Cole KA, Duray PH, Englert CR, Gillespie JW, Greenhut S, Grouse L, Illier LW, Katz KS, Klausner RD, Kuznetzov V, Lash AE, Lennon G, Linehan WM, Liotta LA, Marra MA, Munson PJ, Ornstein DK, Prabhu VV, Prang C, Schuler GD, Soares MB, Tolstoshev CM, Vocke CD, Waterston PH . 2000 J. Mol. Diagn. 2: 60–66
Freedberg IM, Tomic-Canic M, Komine M, Blumenberg M . 2001 J. Invest. Dematol. 116: 633–640
Fujimoto W, Nakanishi G, Arata J, Jetten AM . 1997 J. Invest. Dermatol. 108: 200–204
Goto Y, Sueoka E, Chiba H, Fujiki H . 1999 Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 90: 1358–1363
Greenlee RT, Murray T, Bolden S, Wingo PA . 2000 Ca. Cancer J. Clin. 50: 7–33
Harvat BL, Wang A, Seth P, Jetten AM . 1997 J. Dermatol. 24: 711–725
Helliwell TR . 2001 J. Pathol. 194: 289–293
Hesse M, Magin TM, Weber K . 2001 J. Cell. Sci. 114: 2569–2575
Heyden A, Huitfeldt HS, Koppang HS, Thrane PS, Brandtzaeg P . 1992 J. Oral. Pathol. Med. 21: 7–11
Hse SM, Raine L, Fanger H . 1981 J. Histochem. Cytochem. 29: 577–580
Huang H, Colella S, Kurrer M, Yonekawa Y, Kleihuer P, Ohgaki H . 2000 Cancer Res. 60: 6868–6874
Ivanyi D, Groeneveld E, Van Doornewaard G, Mooi WJ, Hageman PC . 1990 Cancer Res. 50: 5143–5152
Klijanienko J, El-Naggar AK, DeBraud F, Micheau C, Janot F, Luboinski B, Gentile A, Russo A, Cvitkovic E . 1993 Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. 15: 335–340
Lai S, Batsakis JG, Ordonez NG, Luna MA, Goepfert H, El-Naggar AK . 1995 Oncol. Rep. 2: 1115–1120
Leethanakul C, Patel V, Gillespie J, Pallente M, Ensley JF, Koontongkaew S, Liotta LA, Emmert-Buck M, Gutkind JS . 2000 Oncogene 19: 3220–3224
Medina JE, Dichtel W, Luna WA . 1984 Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 110: 437–440
Mischke D . 1998 Subcell. Biochem. 31: 71–104
Ogden GR, McQueen S, Chisholm DM, Lane EB . 1993 J. Clin. Pathol. 46: 352–356
Ono K, Tanaka AT, Tsunodo T, Kitahara O, Kihara C, Okamota A, Ochiai K, Takagi T, Nakamura Y . 2000 Cancer Res. 60: 5007–5011
Parkin DM, Pisani P, Ferlay J . 1999 Ca. Cancer J. Clin. 49: 33–64
Petersen S, Heckert C, Rudolf J, Schuns K, Tchernitsa OI, Scháfer R, Dietel M, Petersen I . 2000 Int. J. Cancer 86: 512–517
Pollack RJ, Perou CM, Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Pergamenschikov A, Williams CF, Jeffrey SS, Bostein D, Brown PO . 1999 Nat. Genet. 23: 41–46
Sallinen S-L, Sallinen PK, Haapasalo HK, Helin HJ, Helen PT, Schraml P, Kallioniemi O-P, Kononen J . 2000 Cancer Res. 60: 6617–6622
Sgroi DC, Teng S, Robinson G, LeVangie R, Hudson JR, Elkahloun A . 1999 Cancer Res. 59: 5656–5661
Shim C, Zhang W, Rhee CH, Lee J-H . 1998 Clin. Cancer Res. 4: 3045–3050
Suarez PA, Adler-Storhz K, Luna MA, El-Naggar AK, Abdul-Karim FW, Batsakis JG . 2000 Head Neck 22: 360–368
Sueoka E, Goto Y, Sueoka N, Kai Y, Kozu T, Fujiki H . 1999 Cancer Res. 59: 1404–1407
Tanaka M, Adzuma K, Iwami M, Yoshimoto K, Monden Y, Itakura M . 1995 Cancer Lett. 89: 195–200
Villaret DB, Wang T, Dillon D, Xu J, Sivam D, Cheever MA, Reed SG . 2000 Laryngoscope 110: 374–381
Vokes EE, Weichselbaum RR, Lippman SM, Hong WK . 1993 N. Engl. J. Med. 328: 184–193
Wain SL, Kier R, Vollmer RT, Bossen EH . 1986 Hum. Pathol. 17: 1158–1166
Wang T, Hoplins D, Schmidt C, Silva S, Houghton R, Takita H, Repasky E, Reed SG . 2000 Oncogene 19: 1519–1528
Weinstein LB, Steitz JA . 1999 Curr. Opin Cell. Biol. 11: 378–384
Zhang L, Zhou W, Velculescu VE, Kern SE, Hruban RH, Hamilton SR, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW . 1997 Science 276: 1268–1272
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Dr John G Batsakis for his constructive suggestions and Lora L Lothringer for her keen editing of the manuscript. Sue M Martinez for her secretarial assistance. This study was supported in part by funds collected pursuant to the comprehensive Tobacco Settlement agreement of 1998 and appropriated by The 76th Legislature to The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; the Oral Cancer Center of Excellence Grant (DE11906); and the Kenneth D Muller Professorship (A El-Naggar).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
El-Naggar, A., Kim, H., Clayman, G. et al. Differential expression profiling of head and neck squamous carcinoma: significance in their phenotypic and biological classification. Oncogene 21, 8206–8219 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1206021
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1206021
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
Expressional analysis of disease-relevant signalling-pathways in primary tumours and metastasis of head and neck cancers
Scientific Reports (2018)
-
Profile of apoptotic proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A cluster analysis of 171 cases
Applied Cancer Research (2017)
-
New biological markers in the decision of treatment of head and neck cancer patients
Clinical and Translational Oncology (2014)
-
Gene expression analysis of SCC tumor cells in muscle tissue
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology (2012)
-
Clinical relevance of nine transcriptional molecular markers for the diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in tissue and saliva rinse
BMC Cancer (2009)