Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

The 1993–94 Généthon human genetic linkage map

Nature Genetics volume 7, pages 246–339 (1994)Cite this article

Abstract

In 1992, we described a second-generation genetic linkage map of the human genome. Using 1,267 new microsatellite markers, we now present a new genetic linkage map containing a total of 2,066 (AC)n short tandem repeats, 60% of which show a heterozygosity of over 0.7. Statistical linkage analysis based on the genotyping of eight large CEPH families placed these markers in the 23 linkage groups. The map includes 1,266 intervals and spans a total distance of 3690 centiMorgans (cM). A total of 1,041 markers could be ordered with odds ratios greater than 1000:1. About 56% of this map is at a distance of 1 cM or less from one of its markers.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

  • Purchase on Springer Link
  • Instant access to full article PDF
Buy now

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Litt, M. & Luty, J.A. A hypervariable microsatellite revealed by in vitro amplification of a dinucleotide repeat within the cardiac muscle actin gene. Am. J. hum. Genet. 44, 397–101 (1989).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Weber, J.L. & May, P.E. Abundant class of human DNA polymorphisms which can be typed using the polymerase chain reaction. Am. J. hum. Genet. 44, 388–396 (1989).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Dietrich, W. et al. A genetic map of the mouse suitable for typing intraspecific crosses. Genetics 131, 423–447 (1992).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Weissenbach, J. et al. A second-generation linkage map of the human genome. Nature 359, 794–801 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Serikawa, T. et al. Rat gene mapping using PCR-analyzed microsatellites. Genetics 131, 701–721 (1992).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Bernardi, G. The isochore organization of the human genome and its evolutionary history — a review. Gene 135, 57–66 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Vignal, A. et al. A non-radioactive multiplex procedure for genotyping of microsatellite markers. In Methods in Molecular Genetics: Gene and Chromosome Analysis (ed. Adolph, K. W.) 211–221 (Academic Press, San-Diego, 1993).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Weber, J.L. & Wong, C. Mutation of human short tandem repeats. Hum. molec. Genet. 2, 1123–1128 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Matise, T.C., Perlin, M. & Chakravarti, A. Automated construction of genetic linkage maps using an expert system (MultiMap): a human genome linkage map. Nature Genet. 6, 384–390 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Lander, E.S. & Green, P. Construction of multilocus genetic linkage maps in humans. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 2363–2367 (1987).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Lathrop, M. et al. A primary genetic map of markers of human chromosome 10. Genomics 2, 157–164 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Saccone, S., De Sario, A., Delia Valle, G. & Bernardi, G. The highest gene concentrations in the human genome are in T-bands of metaphase chromosomes. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89, 4913–4917 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Buetow, K.H. et al. Integrated human genome-wide maps constructed using the CEPH reference panel. Nature Genet. 6, 391–393 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Cohen, D., Chumakov, I. & Weissenbach, J. A first-generation physical map of the human genome. Nature 366, 698–701 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Lathrop, G.M. & Lalouel, J.M. Easy calculations of lod scores and genetic risks on small computers. Am. J. hum. Genet. 36, 460–465 (1984).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Lathrop, G.M. & Lalouel, J.M. Statistical methods for linkage analysis. In Handbook of Statistics (ed. Chakraborty, C.) 81–123 (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1991).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hudson, T.J. et al. Isolation and chromosomal assignment of 100 highly informative human simple sequence repeat polymorphisms. Genomics 13, 622–629 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Barber, T.D. et al. A highly informative dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the D2S211 locus linked to ALPP, FN1 and TNP1. Hum. molec. Genet. 2, 88 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Cassard, A.M. et al. Human uncoupling protein gene: structure, comparison with rat gene, and assignment to the long arm of chromosome 4. J. Cell. Biochem. 43, 255–264 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Goold, R.D. et al. The development of Sequence-Tagged sites for human chromosome 4. Hum. molec. Genet. 2, 1271–1288 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bosma, P.J. et al. Human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene: Promoter and structural gene nucleotide sequences. J. biol. Chem. 263, 9129–9141 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Wilkie, P.J., Krizman, D.B. & Weber, J.L. Linkage map of human chromosome 9 microsatellite polymorphisms. Genomics 12, 607–609 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Litt, M., Sharma, V. & Luty, J.A. A highly polymorphic (TG)n microsatellite at the D11S35 locus. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 51, 1034 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Reed, K.E. et al. Molecular cloning and functional expression of human connexin37, an endothelial cell gap junction protein. J. clin Invest. 91, 997–1004 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bowcock, A. et al. Microsatellite polymorphism linkage map of human chromosome 13q. Genomics 15, 376–386 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Polymeropoulos, M.H., Xiao, H., Ide, S.E. & Merril, C.R. Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the D14S99E locus. Hum. molec. Genet. 2, 490 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Shen, Y. et al. Four dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms on human chromosome 16 at D16S289, D16S318, D16S319 and D16S320. Hum. molec. Genet. 1, 773 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Sharma, V., Quo, Z. & Litt, M. Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the D18S37 locus. Hum. molec. Genet. 1, 289 (1992).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Brophy, B.K. et al. cDNA sequence of the pregnancy-specific β1-glycoprotein-11s (PSG-11s). Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1131, 119–121 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Thompson, L.H. et al. Molecular cloning of thee human XRCC1 gene, which corrects defective DNA strand break repair and sister chromatid exchange. Molec. Cell Biol. 10, 6160–6171 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Martin-Gallardo, A. et al. Automated DNA sequencing and analysis of 106 kilobasesfrom human chromosome 19q13.3. Nature Genet. 1, 34–39 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Lindsay, S.J. et al. Isolation and characterisation of highly polymorphic markers and retinal cDNAs in the vicinities of X-linked inherited eye disease loci. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 58, 2075 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Généthon, 1 rue de l'Internationale, 91000, Evry, France

    Gabor Gyapay, Jean Morissette, Alain Vignal, Colette Dib, Cécile Fizames, Philippe Millasseau, Sophie Marc & Jean Weissenbach

  2. Centre d'Etudes du Polymorphismne Humain, 27 rue Juliette Dodu, 75010, Paris, France

    Gabor Gyapay & Philippe Millasseau

  3. Réseau de Médecine Génétique, Centre Hospitalier de I'Université Laval, Québec, Canada

    Jean Morissette

  4. Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Institut Jacques Monod, 2 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France

    Giorgio Bernardi

  5. INSERM U 358, 27 rue Juliette Dodu, 75010, Paris, France

    Mark Lathrop

  6. Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, CNRS URA 1445, Institut Pasteur, 75724, Paris Cédex, France

    Jean Weissenbach

Authors
  1. Gabor Gyapay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jean Morissette
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alain Vignal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Colette Dib
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Cécile Fizames
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Philippe Millasseau
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Sophie Marc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Giorgio Bernardi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Mark Lathrop
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Jean Weissenbach
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gyapay, G., Morissette, J., Vignal, A. et al. The 1993–94 Généthon human genetic linkage map. Nat Genet 7 (Suppl 2), 246–339 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0694supp-246

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0694supp-246

This article is cited by

Search

Advanced search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing