Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Effects of dietary chemopreventive phytochemicals on P-glycoprotein function
Section snippets
Materials and methods
Materials. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (D-MEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). Colchicine, daunorubicin, rhodamine 123, vinblastine, capsaicin, and [6]-gingerol were from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan). Curcumin, resveratrol, and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) were from Sigma Chemical (St. Louis, MO). Sulforaphane, 6-methylsulfinyl hexyl isothyocyanate (6-HITC), diallyl sulfide, and diallyl trisulfide were from LKT Laboratories (St.
Effects of phytochemicals on daunorubicin accumulation
Fig. 2 shows the accumulation ratio of daunorubicin in KB-C2 cells in the presence of 50 μM dietary phytochemicals. Capsaicin, curcumin, [6]-gingerol, and resveratrol increased the cellular accumulation of daunorubicin, which indicates that these phytochemicals inhibit the P-gp-mediated efflux of daunorubicin. In contrast, sulforaphane, 6-HITC, I3C, diallyl sulfide, and diallyl trisulfide had no effects on the cellular accumulation of daunorubicin. Higher concentrations (100 μM) of sulforaphane,
Discussion
Over the last few years, the effects of natural products in cancer treatment or prevention have been extensively studied. Tea (Camellia sinensis) consumption has been shown to inhibit tumor formation at different organ sites including the skin, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, intestine, lung, liver, pancreas, mammary gland, urinary bladder, and prostate [6], [7]. (−)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major water-extractable constituent of tea, has been presumed to be the active compound for
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for the Encouragement of Young Scientists from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, a Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant from the Japan Science Society, and The Danone Institute of Japan, The 2004 DIJ Research Grant (T.N.), and a grant from the Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools in Japan.
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