Sphingomyelin in the suppression of colon tumors: prevention versus intervention
Section snippets
Animals
Female CF1 mice (five-week-old) were purchased from Charles Rivers (Portage, MI) and randomly divided into the experimental groups upon arrival. There were 60 mice in the control group and 14 mice were in the untreated control group. All other groups contained 50 animals. They were housed 10 per cage in microisolator cages (5 per cage in the untreated control group). They had free access to tap water and diet. They were monitored daily and weighed weekly to detect any signs of illness. All
Effect of the diet on weight gain
In agreement with our previous studies, the weight gain among the groups was neither affected by the carcinogen treatment nor by the dietary supplements at any time during the study (data not shown). Forty-five weeks after the last DMH injection, all mice were euthanized. The mean weight (SEM) was 39.8 g (2.4) in the untreated group, 39.7 g (1.1) in the control group, 40.6 g (1.1), and 40.7 g (1.1) in the SM-E and SM-L, respectively (p=0.93).
Effect of the dietary sphingomyelin on colon tumor formation
Of particular interest in this study was the question if
Discussion
Many chemotherapeutic agents are very effective against cancer cells, but also damage or kill non-transformed cells, causing serious side effects. Here, we show that supplementation of the diet with sphingomyelin in non-pharmacological amounts significantly reduced tumor formation in DMH-treated CF1 mice. Furthermore, we demonstrate that sphingolipids are just as effective when administered prior to or after tumor initiation. This greatly augments the potential therapeutic time frame in which
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by the National Dairy Council.
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