Nitrogen-containing metabolites from marine cyanobacteria

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Marine cyanobacteria are extraordinarily prolific in their elaboration of complex and bioactive secondary metabolites. The principle biogenetic theme in the natural products chemistry of marine cyanobacteria is the integration of non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) pathways, in a variety of configurations, so as to produce this great structural diversity. An assortment of unusual “tailoring” enzymes is evident in cyanobacterial metabolites, as revealed by the variety of bromine and chlorine functional groups. Methylation is a prominent characteristic of most marine cyanobacterial metabolites. Cyanobacterial peptides possess an extremely high level of N-methylation, a characteristic that could possibly be advantageous in molecular genetic studies. In polyketide sections, a pronounced theme of pendant methyl groups is also evident. However, available experimental evidence suggests either a or C-2 of acetate origin for these methyl group additions. Many marine cyanobacterial metabolites possess potent biological properties.

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