Changes in plasma cytokines associated with peripheral nerve injury
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Polymorphisms in P2X4R and CAMKK2 may affect TNFα production: Implications for a role in HIV-associated sensory neuropathy
2018, Human ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :Susceptibility has been linked to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes in the P2X4R and CAMKK2 genes in patients of African descent [4]. However genetic analyses, post-mortem studies in humans, and animal models implicate tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in the underlying pathology [5–8]. We seek a link between TNFα, P2X4R and CAMKK2.
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2014, PainCitation Excerpt :Using a FITC conjugated BS-1 lectin to label blood vessels in unsectioned whole-mount nerve preparations, the presence of new epineural blood vessels surrounding the perineurium after nerve injury was observed (Fig. 6G, H). After nerve injury, circulating cytokine levels increase [89]. To test whether physiological levels of cytokines in the blood after nerve injury could affect sensory thresholds if allowed to pass the BNB, we collected serum from naive mice and mice 7 days after PSNL (n = 3 per group).
Complex regional pain syndromes: Clinical characteristics and pathophysiological factors
2011, Egyptian RheumatologistCitation Excerpt :In addition, abnormal sudomotor function was also found in CRPS patients [24–26]. Patients with sympathetically mediated pain (CRPSII) are suggested to have sympathetic-afferent coupling [18,27,28] triggered by NGF and TNFα in response to peripheral nerve lesion [28–30]. Such coupling may be responsible for the sensitization of the C nociceptive neurons mediated by locally released norepinephrine and epinephrine [29].
Clinical Correlates of Elevated Serum Concentrations of Cytokines and Autoantibodies in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury
2007, Archives of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationCitation Excerpt :IL-6 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain, although its role has yet to be fully elucidated;33,34,65 there are several possible neuromodulatory mechanisms in the CNS and the peripheral nervous system. Circulating levels of IL-6 are elevated in patients who have undergone diskectomy but have persistent sciatic pain66 and in patients with peripheral nerve injury,67 which indicates systemic responses. DeLeo et al68 have shown in rats that IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α are also expressed by cells in the spinal cord as a result of sciatic nerve injury.
Ghrelin may attenuate proinflammatory cytokine-mediated neuropathic pain
2007, Medical Hypotheses