@article {CARVALHO2077, author = {MARIA ISABEL CARVALHO and ISABEL PIRES and JUSTINA PRADA and CARLA PINTO and HUGO GREG{\'O}RIO and BRUNO COGLIATI and FELISBINA L. QUEIROGA}, title = {Assessing the Interleukin 35 Immunoexpression in Malignant Canine Mammary Tumors: Association With Clinicopathological Parameters and Prognosis}, volume = {39}, number = {4}, pages = {2077--2083}, year = {2019}, doi = {10.21873/anticanres.13319}, publisher = {International Institute of Anticancer Research}, abstract = {Background/Aim: IL-35 has a prominent immunosuppressive role and its overexpression has been reported in human breast cancer. However, the impact of IL-35 in canine mammary carcinogenesis has not been addressed yet. The present study determined the clinicopathological significance of IL-35 immunoexpression and its correlation with overall survival (OS) in 72 malignant canine mammary tumor (CMT) patients. Materials and Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded malignant CMT samples (n=72) were submitted to immunohistochemical staining to detect IL-35 expression. Survival curves were obtained by the Kaplan{\textendash}Meier method and the log-rank test was used for the survival estimates. Cox proportional hazard model for multivariate analysis was also performed. Results: IL-35 overexpression was associated with: skin ulceration, tumor necrosis, mitotic index, nuclear pleomorphism, tumor differentiation, histological grade of malignancy (HGM), neoplastic intravascular emboli and lymph node metastasis. Additionally, IL-35 was also correlated with a worse overall survival in multivariate analysis, arising as an independent predictor of poor prognosis. Conclusion: IL-35 is associated with carcinogenesis and worse prognosis of CMT.}, issn = {0250-7005}, URL = {https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/39/4/2077}, eprint = {https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/39/4/2077.full.pdf}, journal = {Anticancer Research} }