PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - L.C.S. QUEIRES AU - F. FAUVEL-LAFÈVE AU - S. TERRY AU - A. DE LA TAILLE AU - J.C. KOUYOUMDJIAN AU - D.K. CHOPIN AU - F. VACHEROT AU - L.E.A. RODRIGUES AU - M. CRÉPIN TI - Polyphenols Purified from the Brazilian Aroeira Plant (<em>Schinus terebinthifolius</em>, Raddi) Induce Apoptotic and Autophagic Cell Death of DU145 Cells DP - 2006 Jan 01 TA - Anticancer Research PG - 379--387 VI - 26 IP - 1A 4099 - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/26/1A/379.short 4100 - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/26/1A/379.full SO - Anticancer Res2006 Jan 01; 26 AB - Polyphenols extracted from many plants have shown antiproliferative and antitumor activities in a wide range of carcinogenesis models. The antiproliferative effects of polyphenols purified from the Brazilian aroeira plant (Schinus terebinthifolius, Raddi) were investigated on the androgen-insensitive DU145 human prostatic carcinoma cell line. A F3 fraction purified from leaf extract inhibited the DU145 cell proliferation more than 30-fold compared to the crude extract. By flow cytometric analysis, the polyphenol fraction was demonstrated to induce G0/G1 cell growth arrest and cell apoptosis. This apoptosis was evidenced by caspase 3 stimulation in F3-treated cells as compared to crude extract treated cells. The acid phosphatase activity of lysosomes was strongly activated in the lysosomal fraction of the F3-treated DU145 cells. This lysosomal activation, together with the appearance of autophagic vacuoles, suggests that “type 2 physiological cell death” was also involved in this antiproliferative effect. HPLC analysis of this F3 fraction showed 18 different subfractions. Among these subfractions, F3-3, F3-7 and F3-13 strongly inhibited DU145 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. However, the nature of these polyphenols remains unknown since only one (Isoquercitrin) of the tested pure polyphenols co-migrated with F3-13. Since lysosomotropic drugs are considered as possible regulators of lysosome activity, aroeira polyphenols could target lysosomes of prostatic cancer cells to induce autophagic cell death. Copyright© 2006 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved