TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship Between Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists on Cancer Development in Patients With Bronchial Asthma: A Retrospective Analysis JF - Anticancer Research JO - Anticancer Res SP - 3717 LP - 3724 DO - 10.21873/anticanres.15861 VL - 42 IS - 7 AU - AYAKO MAEDA-MINAMI AU - MAIKO HOSOKAWA AU - YUMI ISHIKURA AU - ATSUTO ONODA AU - YOHEI KAWANO AU - KENICHI NEGISHI AU - SHUJI SHIMADA AU - TOMOMI IHARA AU - MASAO SUGAMATA AU - KEN TAKEDA AU - YASUNARI MANO Y1 - 2022/07/01 UR - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/42/7/3717.abstract N2 - Background/Aim: An association between leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA) and cancer has been previously reported, but the relationship between LTRA use and cancer prevention remains controversial. This study aimed to clarify the cancer-preventive effect of LTRA in Japanese patients with bronchial asthma. Patients and Methods: We obtained information from a large populationbased medical information database to analyze data on patients who were newly diagnosed with bronchial asthma between 2006 and 2015. Eligible participants were patients who were prescribed an LTRA for at least 30 days (LTRA users) and those who were not using LTRA (LTRA non-users) during the objective period. LTRA users and LTRA non-users were matched 1:1 using propensity scores. Results: The 1:1 propensity score matching of LTRA users and LTRA nonusers facilitated the inclusion of 3,744 participants each, in these two subgroups. The results of the Cox proportional hazards model after adjustment for covariates showed no significant difference in the cancer risk between LTRA users and non-users [adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.59-1.16]. The subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in the cancer risk between the LTRA low-cumulative dose group and LTRA non-users, or between the LTRA medium-cumulative dose group and LTRA non-users. In contrast, the LTRA high-cumulative dose group had a significantly lower risk of developing cancer compared with LTRA non-users (adjusted HR=0.57, 95% CI=0.33-0.98). Conclusion: LTRA use may prevent cancer in patients with bronchial asthma. ER -