@article {JOGIAT1157, author = {UZAIR M. JOGIAT and QUINCY S. CHU and JAYAN NAGENDRAN and BRYCE LAING and ALIM HIRJI and BENJAMIN A. ADAM}, title = {Bilateral Lung Transplant for Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis With Undetected Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report}, volume = {42}, number = {2}, pages = {1157--1160}, year = {2022}, doi = {10.21873/anticanres.15580}, publisher = {International Institute of Anticancer Research}, abstract = {Background: Lung transplant has become a curative therapy for various forms of progressive lung disease refractory to medical management. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare condition characterized by accumulation of activated fibroblasts and secretion of extracellular matrices within the lung parenchyma. End-stage IPF is a fatal condition, with limited medical therapies other than lung transplantation. IPF has been demonstrated as a known risk factor for the development of lung cancer, and current lung transplant standards define history of malignancy within the past five years as an absolute exclusion criterion. Case Report: We present the case of a patient with biopsy-confirmed idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treated with bilateral lung transplant, discovered to have stage four lung adenocarcinoma in the explanted lungs. The patient subsequently received pseudoadjuvant chemotherapy and remained recurrence-free until 23 months post-transplant. Conclusion: This case highlights the challenge of ruling out malignancy in patients with end-stage lung disease. There remains a paucity of clinical studies on lung transplantation for lung cancer and more evidence is required before supporting this clinical decision.}, issn = {0250-7005}, URL = {https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/42/2/1157}, eprint = {https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/42/2/1157.full.pdf}, journal = {Anticancer Research} }