PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - HIROSHI AOKI
AU  - NAOKI MATSUMOTO
AU  - HIROSHI TAKAHASHI
AU  - MASAYUKI HONDA
AU  - TOMOHIRO KANEKO
AU  - SHUHEI ARIMA
AU  - TOMOTAKA ISHII
AU  - TAKU MIZUTANI
AU  - RYOTA MASUZAKI
AU  - KAZUSHIGE NIREI
AU  - HIROAKI YAMAGAMI
AU  - MASAHIRO OGAWA
AU  - TATSUO KANDA
AU  - MITSUHIKO MORIYAMA
AU  - KATSUHIRO MIURA
TI  - Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor as a Therapeutic Choice for Double Cancer: A Case Series
AID  - 10.21873/anticanres.15442
DP  - 2021 Dec 01
TA  - Anticancer Research
PG  - 6225--6230
VI  - 41
IP  - 12
4099  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/12/6225.short
4100  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/12/6225.full
SO  - Anticancer Res2021 Dec 01; 41
AB  - Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occasionally presents with simultaneous or metachronous primary malignancies of other organs. Despite the limited scope of cytocidal anticancer drugs or molecular targeted agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can still be used for various malignancies. Here, we present cases of double cancers including HCC treated with ICIs. Case Report: Case 1: A 70-year-old man with lung cancer and 80-mm HCC underwent nivolumab therapy. The sizes of both cancers remained constant for nine months. Case 2: A 58-year-old man with pharyngeal cancer and HCC. Nivolumab was administered, but was withdrawn after one session because of progressive disease. Case 3: A 71-year-old man with a 5 cm HCC invading the inferior vena cava, and early esophageal cancer. HCC showed a significant volume reduction and esophageal cancer demonstrated slight improvement by atezolizumab and bevacizumab therapy. Conclusion: A combination therapy including ICI is a promising treatment option for HCC with concurrent malignancies.