TY - JOUR T1 - Real-world Outcomes of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Immediately After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Renal Cell Carcinoma JF - Anticancer Research JO - Anticancer Res SP - 5811 LP - 5816 DO - 10.21873/anticanres.15398 VL - 41 IS - 11 AU - TAIGO KATO AU - AKIRA NAGAHARA AU - NORIHIKO KAWAMURA AU - WATARU NAKATA AU - TETSUJI SODA AU - KYOSUKE MATSUZAKI AU - KOJI HATANO AU - ATSUNARI KAWASHIMA AU - TAKESHI UJIKE AU - RYOICHI IMAMURA AU - KENSAKU NISHIMURA AU - SHINGO TAKADA AU - MASAO TSUJIHATA AU - SEIJI YAMAGUCHI AU - TETSUYA TAKAO AU - YASUTOMO NAKAI AU - MASASHI NAKAYAMA AU - NORIO NONOMURA AU - MOTOHIDE UEMURA Y1 - 2021/11/01 UR - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/11/5811.abstract N2 - Background/Aim: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated a survival benefit for patients with cancer. However, the clinical outcomes of subsequent tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) after ICI failure in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) remain unclear. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively examined 38 patients with mRCC who started TKIs immediately after nivolumab with (combination group) or without ipilimumab (nivolumab group) between September 2016 and July 2019. Results: Of the 38 patients, 16 and 11 achieved partial response and stable disease, respectively, resulting in a 42.1% objective response rate and 71.1% disease control rate. The median progression-free survival (PFS) from TKI initiation was 8.8 and 12.9 months in the nivolumab and combination groups, respectively. PFS and overall survival were significantly longer in patients with long-term responses to previous ICI treatment (p=0.0152 and p=0.0155, respectively). Conclusion: TKIs demonstrate adequate anti-tumour activity after treatment with ICIs in real-world settings. ER -