@article {KATO5811, author = {TAIGO KATO and AKIRA NAGAHARA and NORIHIKO KAWAMURA and WATARU NAKATA and TETSUJI SODA and KYOSUKE MATSUZAKI and KOJI HATANO and ATSUNARI KAWASHIMA and TAKESHI UJIKE and RYOICHI IMAMURA and KENSAKU NISHIMURA and SHINGO TAKADA and MASAO TSUJIHATA and SEIJI YAMAGUCHI and TETSUYA TAKAO and YASUTOMO NAKAI and MASASHI NAKAYAMA and NORIO NONOMURA and MOTOHIDE UEMURA}, title = {Real-world Outcomes of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Immediately After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Renal Cell Carcinoma}, volume = {41}, number = {11}, pages = {5811--5816}, year = {2021}, doi = {10.21873/anticanres.15398}, publisher = {International Institute of Anticancer Research}, abstract = {Background/Aim: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated a survival benefit for patients with cancer. However, the clinical outcomes of subsequent tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) after ICI failure in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) remain unclear. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively examined 38 patients with mRCC who started TKIs immediately after nivolumab with (combination group) or without ipilimumab (nivolumab group) between September 2016 and July 2019. Results: Of the 38 patients, 16 and 11 achieved partial response and stable disease, respectively, resulting in a 42.1\% objective response rate and 71.1\% disease control rate. The median progression-free survival (PFS) from TKI initiation was 8.8 and 12.9 months in the nivolumab and combination groups, respectively. PFS and overall survival were significantly longer in patients with long-term responses to previous ICI treatment (p=0.0152 and p=0.0155, respectively). Conclusion: TKIs demonstrate adequate anti-tumour activity after treatment with ICIs in real-world settings.}, issn = {0250-7005}, URL = {https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/11/5811}, eprint = {https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/11/5811.full.pdf}, journal = {Anticancer Research} }