RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Stage-specific Embryogenic Antigen-4 Expression in Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer and its Correlation With the Androgen Receptor JF Anticancer Research JO Anticancer Res FD International Institute of Anticancer Research SP 3327 OP 3335 DO 10.21873/anticanres.15120 VO 41 IS 7 A1 JUNKI HARADA A1 YASUYOSHI MIYATA A1 TAKENOBU TAIMA A1 TSUYOSHI MATSUDA A1 YUTA MUKAE A1 KENSUKE MITSUNARI A1 TOMOHIRO MATSUO A1 KOJIRO OHBA A1 TETSUJI SUDA A1 HIDEKI SAKAI A1 AKIHIRO ITO A1 SEIICHI SAITO YR 2021 UL http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/7/3327.abstract AB Background/Aim: Stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4 plays important roles in the malignant aggressiveness of various cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathological characteristics of SSEA-4 in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Materials and Methods: SSEA-4 expression and its pathological roles were evaluated in five prostate cancer (PC) cell lines and 27 CRPC tissues. The relationship between SSEA-4 and the androgen receptor (AR) was also examined. Results: SSEA-4 expression was detected in AR-negative cells (PC3, DU145, and AICaP1) but was not detected in AR-positive cells (LNCaP and AICaP2). SSEA-4 expression in human CRPC tissues was significantly higher than that in locally advanced or metastatic hormone sensitive PC (HSPC) tissues. A negative correlation was also detected between SSEA-4 and AR in CRPC tissues but not in HSPC tissues. Conclusion: SSEA-4 was over-expressed in CRPC and the changes were mediated by complex mechanisms that related to the AR and hormonal therapy.