PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - JUNKI HARADA AU - YASUYOSHI MIYATA AU - TAKENOBU TAIMA AU - TSUYOSHI MATSUDA AU - YUTA MUKAE AU - KENSUKE MITSUNARI AU - TOMOHIRO MATSUO AU - KOJIRO OHBA AU - TETSUJI SUDA AU - HIDEKI SAKAI AU - AKIHIRO ITO AU - SEIICHI SAITO TI - Stage-specific Embryogenic Antigen-4 Expression in Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer and its Correlation With the Androgen Receptor AID - 10.21873/anticanres.15120 DP - 2021 Jul 01 TA - Anticancer Research PG - 3327--3335 VI - 41 IP - 7 4099 - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/7/3327.short 4100 - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/7/3327.full SO - Anticancer Res2021 Jul 01; 41 AB - Background/Aim: Stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4 plays important roles in the malignant aggressiveness of various cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathological characteristics of SSEA-4 in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Materials and Methods: SSEA-4 expression and its pathological roles were evaluated in five prostate cancer (PC) cell lines and 27 CRPC tissues. The relationship between SSEA-4 and the androgen receptor (AR) was also examined. Results: SSEA-4 expression was detected in AR-negative cells (PC3, DU145, and AICaP1) but was not detected in AR-positive cells (LNCaP and AICaP2). SSEA-4 expression in human CRPC tissues was significantly higher than that in locally advanced or metastatic hormone sensitive PC (HSPC) tissues. A negative correlation was also detected between SSEA-4 and AR in CRPC tissues but not in HSPC tissues. Conclusion: SSEA-4 was over-expressed in CRPC and the changes were mediated by complex mechanisms that related to the AR and hormonal therapy.