PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - JACQUELINE PAWLICZAK
AU  - MARLEN KOLB
AU  - MARIO BAUER
AU  - RICHARD GMINSKI
AU  - ANDREAS DIETZ
AU  - GUNNAR WICHMANN
TI  - Micronucleus Formation in Primary Oropharyngeal Epithelial Cells Reveals Mutagenicity of Cement Dusts
AID  - 10.21873/anticanres.14951
DP  - 2021 Apr 01
TA  - Anticancer Research
PG  - 1849--1858
VI  - 41
IP  - 4
4099  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/4/1849.short
4100  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/4/1849.full
SO  - Anticancer Res2021 Apr 01; 41
AB  - Background/Aim: Epidemiological studies showed an increased risk of developing laryngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) for employees working in the construction business. This suggested a causal link between exposure to cement particles and development of HNSCC but data were missing. Materials and Methods: We established an Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline 487-conform micronucleus assay (MNA) using oropharyngeal mucosa-derived primary epithelial cells (OPCs) ex vivo. OPCs from healthy mucosa of 52 donors were cultured in vitro and incubated with serial concentrations of two common cement particles. Mitomycin C was used as a soluble positive control, and TiO2 and DQ12 were used as negative and positive particle controls. Bi-nucleated cells were counted and the mitotic index (MI) was determined. Subsequently, micronuclei-containing bi-nucleated cells (MN+) were counted. Results: Cement particles, in concentrations not significantly reducing ex vivo proliferation according to mitotic index, dose-dependently increased micronuclei formation. Conclusion: Through the establishment of an OECD guideline 487 conform MNA, we demonstrate the mutagenic effects of cement on human OPCs.