PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - JUN YAMAMOTO
AU  - YUSUKE AOKI
AU  - QINGHONG HAN
AU  - NORIHIKO SUGISAWA
AU  - YU SUN
AU  - KAZUYUKI HAMADA
AU  - HIROTO NISHINO
AU  - SACHIKO INUBUSHI
AU  - KENTARO MIYAKE
AU  - RYUSEI MATSUYAMA
AU  - MICHAEL BOUVET
AU  - ITARU ENDO
AU  - ROBERT M. HOFFMAN
TI  - Reversion from Methionine Addiction to Methionine Independence Results in Loss of Tumorigenic Potential of Highly-malignant Lung-cancer Cells
AID  - 10.21873/anticanres.14815
DP  - 2021 Feb 01
TA  - Anticancer Research
PG  - 641--643
VI  - 41
IP  - 2
4099  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/2/641.short
4100  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/41/2/641.full
SO  - Anticancer Res2021 Feb 01; 41
AB  - Background/Aim: Methionine addiction, a fundamental and general hallmark of cancer, is due to the excess use of methionine for transmethylation, and is described as the Hoffman-effect. Methionine-addicted cancer cells can revert at low frequency to methionine independence when selected under methionine-restriction. We report here that highly-malignant methionine-addicted H460 human lung-cancer cells, when selected for methionine independence, have greatly-reduced tumorigenic potential. Materials and Methods: Methionine-addicted H460 parental cancer cells and methionine-independent revertant H460-R1 cells were injected in nude mice subcutaneously. Results: When the parental H460 methionine-addicted cells were injected in nude mice at 2.5×105, 1×105 and 5×104, the cells could form tumors. In contrast, the H460-R1 methionine-independent revertant cells could not form tumors when the above-listed cell numbers were injected in nude mice. Conclusion: There is a tight linkage between methionine addiction and malignancy.