RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Alternative Biomarkers to Predict Tumor Biology in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
JF Anticancer Research
JO Anticancer Res
FD International Institute of Anticancer Research
SP 6573
OP 6784
DO 10.21873/anticanres.14682
VO 40
IS 12
A1 PHILLIPE ABREU
A1 RAPHAELLA FERREIRA
A1 VICTOR MINELI
A1 MAURICIO ALVES RIBEIRO
A1 FABIO GONÇALVES FERREIRA
A1 RODRIGO MARTINEZ DE MELLO VIANNA
A1 FLAVIO DANIEL SAAVEDRA TOMASICH
A1 LUIZ ARNALDO SZUTAN
YR 2020
UL http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/40/12/6573.abstract
AB Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary malignant liver tumor, with more than 800,000 new cases diagnosed each year and with high mortality, ranking fourth in the world in cancer deaths. The worst prognosis is related to the late diagnosis, in which the tumor is at an advanced stage and curative treatments are not efficient in terms of increasing overall survival. Currently, screening and monitoring tests based on current guidelines have limited accuracy, which points to the need for the development of new biomarkers that improve HCC detection as well as its early diagnosis. This review will discuss the five phases of development of a biomarker, from its discovery to its application in clinical practice, and indicate the main biomarkers per development phase. Potential emerging technologies such as “Radiomics”, “Proteomics” and “Metabolomics” will also be discussed, which should serve as tools for the elucidation of tumor heterogeneity, as well as provide data for future studies on HCC biomarkers.