TY - JOUR T1 - Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor and Interleukin-4-induced Dendritic Cells JF - Anticancer Research JO - Anticancer Res SP - 1609 LP - 1616 VL - 24 IS - 3A AU - HAJIME HIKINO AU - KEIZO KASONO AU - MASAKI KANZAKI AU - TOSHIHIRO KAI AU - FUMIO KONISHI AU - MASANOBU KAWAKAMI Y1 - 2004/05/01 UR - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/24/3A/1609.abstract N2 - Background: We investigated whether GM-CSF/IL-4 is the most efficient cytokine combination for differentiating dendritic cells (DC) in terms of its ability to elicit an antitumor immune response. Materials and Methods: Two experimental models were examined: C57BL/6 mice bearing MC38 cells and Balb/c mice bearing cachexia-inducible Colon-26 cells. After immunization with DC pulsed with whole tumor cell lysate, tumors were inoculated into the subcutis. Results: C57BL/6 mice immunized with lysate-pulsed DC effectively rejected the MC38 challenge and detectable MC38-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTL) were observed. However, even those groups immunized with lysate-pulsed DC exhibited no protective immunity against Colon-26 challenge in Balb/c mice. Unexpectedly, mice inoculated with lysate-unpulsed DC showed an acceleration of cachectic progression (p=0.031) compared to control mice. Conclusion: We speculate that GMCSF/IL-4-induced DC promotes Th2-dominated immunity in Balb/c mice. Consideration might be given to which combination of cytokines is appropriate for the ex vivo differentiation of DC in tumor immunotherapy. Copyright© 2004 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved ER -