RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Antitumor Activity of Rivoceranib Against Canine Mammary Gland Tumor Cell Lines JF Anticancer Research JO Anticancer Res FD International Institute of Anticancer Research SP 5483 OP 5494 DO 10.21873/anticanres.13741 VO 39 IS 10 A1 JEONG-HA LEE A1 QIANG LI A1 JU-HYUN AN A1 HYUNG-KYU CHAE A1 JIN-WOO CHOI A1 BUM-JIN KIM A1 WOO-JIN SONG A1 HWA-YOUNG YOUN YR 2019 UL http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/39/10/5483.abstract AB Background/Aim: Canine mammary gland tumors (CMGTs) are the most common tumors in female dogs. Rivoceranib (also known as apatinib) is a novel anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2). The aim of this study was to disclose the antitumor effects of rivoceranib on CMGT cell lines. Materials and Methods: The direct effects of rivoceranib on CMGT cells in vitro were analyzed by cell proliferation and migration assays. Cell-cycle distribution and apoptotic ratio were analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression levels of phosphorylated VEGFR2 were evaluated by western blot analysis. Results: Rivoceranib treatment significantly reduced the proliferation and migration of CMGT cells in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry results revealed significant increases in G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis proportional to the drug concentration used. Rivoceranib reduced the level of phosphorylated VEGFR2. Conclusion: We confirm that rivoceranib exerts antitumor effects on CMGT cells by inhibiting biological functions.