PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - MICHAEL A. LEA
AU  - JEREL CHACKO
AU  - SANDHYA BOLIKAL
AU  - JI Y. HONG
AU  - RYAN CHUNG
AU  - ANDRES ORTEGA
AU  - CHARLES desBORDES
TI  - Addition of 2-Deoxyglucose Enhances Growth Inhibition But Reverses Acidification in Colon Cancer Cells Treated with Phenformin
DP  - 2011 Feb 01
TA  - Anticancer Research
PG  - 421--426
VI  - 31
IP  - 2
4099  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/31/2/421.short
4100  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/31/2/421.full
SO  - Anticancer Res2011 Feb 01; 31
AB  - A report that effects of butyrate on some cells may be mediated by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) prompted this study which examines if other AMPK activators can induce differentiation and inhibit proliferation of colon cancer cells in a manner similar to butyrate. Using induction of alkaline phosphatase as a marker, it was observed that compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, is able to reduce the differentiating effect of butyrate on SW1116 and Caco-2 colon cancer cells. Metformin was observed to be less effective than butyrate in the induction of alkaline phosphatase but was more effective as a growth inhibitor. Phenformin was found to be a more potent growth inhibitor than metformin and both compounds cause acidification of the medium when incubated with colon cancer cells. Combined incubation of 2-deoxyglucose with either of the biguanides prevented the acidification of the medium but enhanced the growth inhibitory effects.