TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Combined Epigenetic Treatments and Ectopic NIS Expression on Undifferentiated Thyroid Cancer Cells JF - Anticancer Research JO - Anticancer Res SP - 6653 LP - 6662 DO - 10.21873/anticanres.13032 VL - 38 IS - 12 AU - MICHELE MASSIMINO AU - ELENA TIRRĂ’ AU - STEFANIA STELLA AU - FRANCESCO FRASCA AU - VERONICA VELLA AU - LAURA SCIACCA AU - MARIA STELLA PENNISI AU - SILVIA RITA VITALE AU - ADRIANA PUMA AU - CHIARA ROMANO AU - LIVIA MANZELLA Y1 - 2018/12/01 UR - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/38/12/6653.abstract N2 - Background: Poorly differentiated (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid (ATC) cancer cells are characterized by the acquisition of epigenetic abnormalities, leading to the silencing of both the sodium iodide co-transporter and the Coxsackie adenovirus receptor. As aberrant histone acetylation and DNA methylation represent epigenetic mechanisms involved in neoplastic transformation, our study investigated the anticancer properties of epigenetic modifiers in thyroid carcinoma. Materials and Methods: The cytotoxicity and gene expression modulation of histone deacetylase and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors were evaluated in both PDTC and ATC. Results: Epigenetic treatments were cytotoxic to tumor thyrocytes and restored sodium iodide co-transporter and Coxsackie adenovirus receptor, expression as well as radioiodine uptake, in PDTC but not in ATC. However, ectopic expression sodium iodide co-transporter re-activated radioiodine incorporation in ATC. Conclusion: The ability of epigenetic treatments to interfere with tumor proliferation and induce Coxsackie adenovirus receptor expression, coupled with the ability of ectopic sodium iodide co-transporter to restore radioiodine uptake, raise the possibility that these therapeutic approaches may provide clinical benefit to patients with thyroid carcinoma refractory to radioiodine treatment. ER -