<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><xml><records><record><source-app name="HighWire" version="7.x">Drupal-HighWire</source-app><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OKUBO, KAZUKI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SATO, AKINORI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISONO, MAKOTO</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASANO, TAKAKO</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ASANO, TOMOHIKO</style></author></authors><secondary-authors></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelfinavir Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Sensitizes Renal Cancer Cells to TRAIL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018-08-01 00:00:00</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4505-4514</style></pages><doi><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.21873/anticanres.12754</style></doi><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><abstract><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Background/Aim: Induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a novel strategy for cancer treatment. The human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor nelfinavir was recently shown to induce ER stress, but its anti-neoplastic activity has never been investigated in renal cancer, as far as we are aware. Materials and Methods: Using renal cancer cells (769-P, 786-O, Caki-2), the ability of nelfinavir to induce ER stress and sensitize them to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was tested. Results: Nelfinavir caused apoptosis and inhibited renal cancer growth in a dose-dependent fashion. It also suppressed colony formation significantly. Nelfinavir induced ER stress and increased the expression of TRAIL death receptor (DR) 4 and DR5, sensitizing the cancer cells to TRAIL. This sensitization was blocked by human recombinant DR4/Fc and DR5/Fc chimeric protein, confirming that the sensitization was due to increased expression of both DR4 and DR5. Conclusion: Nelfinavir induces ER stress in renal cancer cells and sensitizes them to TRAIL.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>