PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - LUCA TRIGGIANI
AU  - ANTONELLA COLOSINI
AU  - MICHELA BUGLIONE
AU  - NADIA PASINETTI
AU  - FLAVIA ORIZIO
AU  - LILIA BARDOSCIA
AU  - PAOLO BORGHETTI
AU  - MARTA MADDALO
AU  - LUIGI SPIAZZI
AU  - STEFANO MARIA MAGRINI
AU  - ROBERTO BRESCIANI
TI  - Exploring the Role of Enzalutamide in Combination with Radiation Therapy: An <em>In Vitro</em> Study
AID  - 10.21873/anticanres.12619
DP  - 2018 Jun 01
TA  - Anticancer Research
PG  - 3487--3492
VI  - 38
IP  - 6
4099  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/38/6/3487.short
4100  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/38/6/3487.full
SO  - Anticancer Res2018 Jun 01; 38
AB  - Background/Aim: Androgen receptor plays a key role in prostate cancer development and is a causative agent of its radio-resistance. The present study investigated the potential radio-sensitizing effect of enzalutamide, a second-generation anti-androgen, in human prostate cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The radio-sensitizing effect of enzalutamide was assessed in the androgen-dependent LNCaP cells and the androgen-independent PC3 cells by clonogenic assay and γ-H2AX assay. Results: Enzalutamide-treated LNCaP cells showed a significant decrease of cell survival at all radiation doses tested. An increased number of γ-H2AX-positive nuclei was observed, suggesting a possible impairment of the DNA repair machinery. Conversely, enzalutamide did not exhibit a significant radio-sensitizing effect on PC3 cells. Conclusion: The combination of enzalutamide with ionizing radiation significantly improves radio-sensitivity of hormone-dependent LNCaP cells. Translated in the clinical practice, our results may help to find additional strategies to improve effectiveness of radiotherapy.