TY - JOUR T1 - Glycine Is a Predictor for a Suppressive Effect of Fucoxanthinol on Colonosphere Formation Under Hypoxia JF - Anticancer Research JO - Anticancer Res SP - 2169 LP - 2179 VL - 38 IS - 4 AU - MASARU TERASAKI AU - YUKI OGAWA AU - TETSUYA ENDO AU - HAYATO MAEDA AU - JUNICHI HAMADA AU - KAZUMI OSADA AU - KAZUO MIYASHITA AU - MICHIHIRO MUTOH Y1 - 2018/04/01 UR - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/38/4/2169.abstract N2 - Background/Aim: Fucoxanthinol (FxOH), a metabolite of fucoxanthin, is known to inhibit tumorigenicity of human colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs) and their sphere formation. Hypoxic conditions and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are essential to maintain the stemness of CCSCs. We investigated effects of FxOH on sphere formation, intercellular energy metabolites in colonospheres formed from human colorectal HT-29 cells under hypoxic conditions. Results: FxOH at 50 μM suppressed HIF1α expression and activation of integrin, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Wingless/integrated (WNT) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signals. Moreover, expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition- and apoptosis-related proteins in the colonospheres was lowered by FxOH. The level of glycine was reduced in hypoxic colonospheres under FxOH treatment. Conclusion: FxOH attenuated the sphere formation of hypoxic colonospheres, in part, by suppressing HIF1α expression. Glycine could be a potential predictor for the activity of agents that inhibit sphere formation by hypoxic colonospheres. ER -