@article {GARMPIS5355, author = {NIKOLAOS GARMPIS and CHRISTOS DAMASKOS and ANNA GARMPI and DIMITRIOS DIMITROULIS and ELEFTHERIOS SPARTALIS and GEORGIOS-ANTONIOS MARGONIS and DIMITRIOS SCHIZAS and IRINI DESKOU and CHRYSOULA DOULA and ELENI MAGKOUTI and NIKOLAOS ANDREATOS and EFSTATHIOS A. ANTONIOU and AFRODITI NONNI and KONSTANTINOS KONTZOGLOU and DIMITRIOS MANTAS}, title = {Targeting Histone Deacetylases in Malignant Melanoma: A Future Therapeutic Agent or Just Great Expectations?}, volume = {37}, number = {10}, pages = {5355--5362}, year = {2017}, publisher = {International Institute of Anticancer Research}, abstract = {Background/Aim: Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, with increasing frequency and mortality. Melanoma is characterized by rapid proliferation and metastases. Malignant transformation of normal melanocytes is associated with imbalance between oncogenes{\textquoteright} action and tumor suppressor genes. Mutations or inactivation of these genes plays an important role in the pathogenesis of malignant melanoma. Many target-specific agents improved progression-free survival but unfortunately metastatic melanoma remains incurable, so new therapeutic strategies are needed. The balance of histones{\textquoteright} acetylation affects cell cycle progression, differentiation and apoptosis. Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are associated with different types of cancer. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACI) are enzymes that inhibit the action of HDAC, resulting in block of tumor cell proliferation. A small number of these enzymes has been studied regarding their anticancer effects in melanoma. The purpose of this article was to review the therapeutic effect of HDACI against malignant melanoma, enlightening the molecular mechanisms of their action. Materials and Methods: The MEDLINE database was used. The keywords/ phrases were; HDACI, melanoma, targeted therapies for melanoma. Our final conclusions were based on studies that didn{\textquoteright}t refer solely to melanoma due to their wider experimental data. Thirty-two articles were selected from the total number of the search{\textquoteright}s results. Only English articles published until March 2017 were used. Results: Molecules, such as valproid acid (VPA), LBH589, LAQ824 (dacinostat), vorinostat, tubacin, sirtinol and tx-527, suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid (SBHA), depsipeptide and Trichostatin A (TSA) have shown promising antineoplastic effects against melanoma. Conclusion: HDACI represent a promising agent for targeted therapy. More trials are required.}, issn = {0250-7005}, URL = {https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/37/10/5355}, eprint = {https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/37/10/5355.full.pdf}, journal = {Anticancer Research} }