TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of Single-dose First-generation 5-HT<sub>3</sub> Receptor Antagonist and Dexamethasone for Preventing Nausea and Vomiting Induced by Low-dose Carboplatin-based Chemotherapy JF - Anticancer Research JO - Anticancer Res SP - 1965 LP - 1970 VL - 37 IS - 4 AU - DAIZO KAITO AU - HIROTOSHI IIHARA AU - NORIHIKO FUNAGUCHI AU - JUNKI ENDO AU - FUMITAKA ITO AU - KOMEI YANASE AU - SAYAKA TOYOSHI AU - YUKA SASAKI AU - CHIEMI HIROSE AU - NATSUMI ARAI AU - MIKA KITAHORA AU - YASUSHI OHNO AU - YOSHINORI ITOH AU - SHINYA MINATOGUCHI Y1 - 2017/04/01 UR - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/37/4/1965.abstract N2 - Background: Carboplatin (CBDCA) is known to exhibit a high emetic risk among moderate-emetic risk anticancer drugs, and the dose of CBDCA varies in different therapies. In concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the weekly administration of CBDCA (area under the curve (AUC) 2 mg/ml/min) and paclitaxel (PTX: 40 mg/m2) is frequently applied as standard therapy. However, the optimal antiemetic measures in the use of such low-dose CBDCA remain unclear. In this study, we retrospectively assessed the antiemetic effect of a single-dose of a first-generation 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist (5-HT3RA) and dexamethasone in the weekly CBDCA+PTX therapy in CCRT. Patients and Methods: The subjects were patients with NSCLC who were administered weekly CBDCA+PTX therapy in CCRT between January 2011 and December 2016 at our Department. As an antiemetic measure, a first-generation 5-HT3RA, azasetron (10 mg, orally) or granisetron (3 mg, intravenously), and dexamethasone (9.9 mg, intravenously) were administered on day 1. The patients were evaluated for the following efficacy end-points for the first cycle: Complete response (CR; defined as no vomiting or retching episodes with no rescue medication) in the acute phase (0-24 hours), delayed phase (&gt;24-120 hours), and overall phase (0-120 hours). Other efficacy endpoints evaluated were no vomiting or retching, and no nausea in all phases. Results: The subjects we assessed in this study were 46 patients who were administered weekly CBDCA+PTX therapy in CCRT. For the overall, acute, and delayed phases, the complete response rates were 89.1%, 100%, and 89.1%, respectively. The rate of no nausea in the overall, acute, and delayed phases was 78.3%, 100%, and 78.3%, respectively. The rate of no vomiting in the overall, acute, and delayed phases was 95.7%, 100%, and 95.7%, respectively. Conclusion: A single dose of a first-generation 5-HT3RA and dexamethasone had a favorable suppressive effect on nausea and vomiting in weekly CBDCA+PTX therapy for NSCLC. ER -