PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - NIPIN S P
AU  - DONG YOUNG KANG
AU  - BAEK JOONG KIM
AU  - YOUN HEE JOUNG
AU  - PRAMOD DARVIN
AU  - HYO JOO BYUN
AU  - JOONG GON KIM
AU  - JE UK PARK
AU  - YOUNG MOK YANG
TI  - Methylsulfonylmethane Induces G<sub>1</sub> Arrest and Mitochondrial Apoptosis in YD-38 Gingival Cancer Cells
DP  - 2017 Apr 01
TA  - Anticancer Research
PG  - 1637--1646
VI  - 37
IP  - 4
4099  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/37/4/1637.short
4100  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/37/4/1637.full
SO  - Anticancer Res2017 Apr 01; 37
AB  - Gingival squamous cell carcinoma is a rare form of cancer that accounts for less than 10% of all head and neck cancers. Targeted therapies with natural compounds are of interest because they possess high efficacy with fewer side-effects. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is an organic sulfur-containing compound with anticancer activities. The main goal of this study was to induce proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in the metastatic YD-38 cell line. MSM up-regulated expression of P21Waf1/Cip1 and P27Kip1 genes and down-regulated expression of cyclin D1 (CCND1) and CDK4. Moreover, treatment with MSM induced apoptosis and up-regulation of BAX in YD-38 cells. In accordance, the expression of the BCL-2 and BCL-XL, were inhibited, indicating the role of mitochondria in MSM-induced apoptosis. Analysis of mitochondrial integrity showed a loss of mitochondrial potential with an increased level of cytochrome c in the cytosol compared to mitochondria. Active CASPASE-3 (CASP3) was also observed, confirming that MSM-induced apoptosis is caspase-mediated.