RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 KRAS Mutant Status May Be Associated with Distant Recurrence in Early-stage Rectal Cancer JF Anticancer Research JO Anticancer Res FD International Institute of Anticancer Research SP 1349 OP 1357 VO 37 IS 3 A1 MICHAIL SIDERIS A1 JANE MOORHEAD A1 SALVADOR DIAZ-CANO A1 AMYN HAJI A1 SAVVAS PAPAGRIGORIADIS YR 2017 UL http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/37/3/1349.abstract AB Background/Aim: Total mesorectal excision combined with neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherary (CRT) and adjuvant chemotherapy, has been the standard treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Although TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) classification for malignant Tumors is still the cornerstone in rectal cancer staging, there has been an effort to identify molecular biomarkers with additional prognostic or predictive value. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed molecular biomarkers on prospectively collected histological specimens and clinical data from a cohort of 135 consecutive rectal cancer cases who underwent radical excision in a tertiary center between 2011-2014 (males=87, females=48, age range=22-89 years, mean=64,67 years, SD=13.40). Radiological, histopathological, molecular staging, treatment stratification by the multidisciplinary team (MDT), as well as prognostic outcome data were compared with various biomarkers including KRAS, BRAF, p16, b-catenin, MSI, MMR and MGMT. Results: The mean follow-up was 39.21 months (range=5-83 months, SD=21.34). Twenty-eight cases were Stage I (20.9%), n=30 Stage II (22.4%), n=45 Stage III (33.6%) and n=31 Stage IV (23.1%). Forty specimens were KRAS-mutant (mt) (37.4%) while n=67 (62.6%) wild type (wt). KRAS mt status was associated with female sex (n=20, p=0.021) and older age (69.62 vs. 62.27, p=0.005). Stage I Early Cancer Subgroup analysis showed that KRAS mt status is associated with distant recurrence of disease (n=4, p=0.045). Conclusion: KRAS mt status may affect the prognosis of early rectal cancer, as this is linked with distant recurrence.