RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Increase in Gene Expression of TYMP, DPYD and HIF1A Are Associated with Response to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy Including S-1 or UFT for Rectal Cancer JF Anticancer Research JO Anticancer Res FD International Institute of Anticancer Research SP 2433 OP 2440 VO 36 IS 5 A1 SOTARO SADAHIRO A1 TOSHIYUKI SUZUKI A1 AKIRA TANAKA A1 KAZUTAKE OKADA A1 GOTA SAITO A1 AKEMI KAMIJO A1 HIDEKI NAGASE YR 2016 UL http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/36/5/2433.abstract AB Aim: The aim of the study was to identify biomarkers capable of predicting response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) including S-1 or UFT for rectal cancer using biopsy specimens obtained before CRT (Pre-samples) and 7 days after the start of CRT (Day-7 samples). Materials and Methods: Preoperative CRT including S-1 or UFT was performed in 82 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. The expression levels of 18 genes related to 5-fluorouracil, folate, and radiation in the Pre-samples and the Day-7 samples were evaluated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Results: The gene expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha subunit (HIF1A), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) and thymidine phosphorylase (TYMP) were found significantly increased in Day-7 samples compared to Pre-samples in responders, but not in non-responders. Conclusion: Increases in gene expression levels of TYMP, DPYD, and HIF1A in tumor tissues at 7 days after the start of CRT may be useful for predicting the efficacy of CRT including S-1 or UFT.