PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - WAN-PING HU
AU  - CHIA-CHEN HSU
AU  - YA-CHING WANG
AU  - GOPAL CHANDRU SENADI
AU  - KUNG-KAI KUO
AU  - JEN-FON JEN
AU  - JEH-JENG WANG
TI  - Bis(phenylidenebenzeneamine)-1-disulfide Derivatives Induce Autophagy in Melanoma Cells Through a Mitochondria-mediated Pathway
DP  - 2015 Nov 01
TA  - Anticancer Research
PG  - 6075--6080
VI  - 35
IP  - 11
4099  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/35/11/6075.short
4100  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/35/11/6075.full
SO  - Anticancer Res2015 Nov 01; 35
AB  - We have previously reported the efficient synthesis of bis(phenylidenebenzeneamine)-1-disulfide derivatives 1-8. In the present article, we delineated the signaling pathways involved in the anticancer effects of compound 2 on melanoma cells. The treatment of melanoma cells with compound 2 resulted in ROS generation, a decrease in ΔΨmt, ATP, and protein expression of mitochondrial respiratory chain subunits. In addition, no significant apoptotic or necrotic effect was seen following compound 2 treatment using an annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) double-staining. Nevertheless, autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Beclin 1 were enhanced by compound 2. Furthermore, compound 2 was also shown to reduce murine melanoma size in a mouse model. We revealed a novel bio-evaluation of bis(phenylidenebenzeneamine)-1-disulfide derivatives anti-tumor proliferation mechanism and suggest that these agents may have potential chemotherapeutic activity for melanoma cells.