TY - JOUR T1 - Flunarizine Exhibits <em>In Vitro</em> Efficacy Against Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma Cells JF - Anticancer Research JO - Anticancer Res SP - 1369 LP - 1376 VL - 35 IS - 3 AU - LEONARD CHRISTOPHER SCHMEEL AU - FREDERIC CARSTEN SCHMEEL AU - YOUNG KIM AU - SABINE BLAUM-FEDER AU - TOMOYUKI ENDO AU - INGO G.H. SCHMIDT-WOLF Y1 - 2015/03/01 UR - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/35/3/1369.abstract N2 - Background/Aim: Novel agents such as lenalidomide and bortezomib have significantly improved today's therapy of multiple myeloma. Despite recent innovations, new therapeutic options are needed. The Wingless-related integration site (WNT) pathway is aberrantly activated in lymphoma and myeloma and therefore renders WNT signaling molecules attractive for the development of targeted therapies. Flunarizine was used in this study as it has chemical features similar to those of other known WNT inhibitors and already proven proapoptotic properties in leukemia cells. Materials and Methods: The antitumor apoptotic effect of flunarizine at doses ranging from 0.1-200 μM was investigated on three human lymphoma cell lines, one murine and four human myeloma cell lines by 3’3-Dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide and propidium iodide staining in flow cytometry. Results: Flunarizine induced significant apoptotic activity in all tested myeloma and lymphoma cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Our results reveal a significant selective induction of apoptosis by flunarizine and suggest an in vivo effect against lymphoma and myeloma. ER -