PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - WEN G. JIANG
AU  - LIN YE
AU  - FIONA RUGE
AU  - PING-HUI SUN
AU  - ANDREW J. SANDERS
AU  - KI JI
AU  - JANE LANE
AU  - LIJIAN ZHANG
AU  - LUCY SATHERLEY
AU  - HOI P. WEEKS
AU  - XIUYI ZHI
AU  - YONG GAO
AU  - CONG WEI
AU  - YILING WU
AU  - MALCOLM D. MASON
TI  - Expression of Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) in Human Lung Cancer and the Impact of <em>YangZheng XiaoJi</em> on SHH-mediated Biological Function of Lung Cancer Cells and Tumor Growth
DP  - 2015 Mar 01
TA  - Anticancer Research
PG  - 1321--1331
VI  - 35
IP  - 3
4099  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/35/3/1321.short
4100  - http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/35/3/1321.full
SO  - Anticancer Res2015 Mar 01; 35
AB  - Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) is a protein that is aberrantly expressed in various human tumors. SHH and its signaling molecules have been indicated as potential therapeutic targets. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of SHH transcript in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and investigated the impact of inhibiting SHH together with a traditional Chinese medicine formula, YangZheng XiaoJi (YZXJ), on the function and growth of lung cancer cells. Human NSCLC tissues had significantly higher levels of the SHH transcript compared matched normal lung tissues (n=83). TNM2 tumors and tumors with pleural invasion had higher levels than TNM1 and non-invasive tumors. High SHH levels were associated with a shorter overall survival (OS) of the patients. A SHH inhibitor, cyclopamine, and YZXJ alone or in combination had a marked inhibitory effect on cellular invasion and cellular migration of human lung cancer cells, A549 and SKMES1. YangZheng XiaoJi and its combination with cyclopamine also significantly reduced the growth of lung tumors in vivo together with a reduction of SHH and smoothened (Smo) proteins in the lung tumors. The present study provides evidence that blocking SHH by way of small inhibitor and by YangZheng XiaoJi has a profound influence on lung cancer cells as seen by in vitro invasion and cell migration and in vivo tumor growth. Together with the aberrant expression of SHH in NSCLC tumors in the patients, it is suggested that SHH is a potential target for therapies for NSCLC.