@article {MACHIOKA221, author = {KAZUAKI MACHIOKA and ATSUSHI MIZOKAMI and YURI YAMAGUCHI and KOUJI IZUMI and SHINICHI HAYASHI and MIKIO NAMIKI}, title = {Active Estrogen Synthesis and its Function in Prostate Cancer-derived Stromal Cells}, volume = {35}, number = {1}, pages = {221--227}, year = {2015}, publisher = {International Institute of Anticancer Research}, abstract = {Background: It remains unclear whether estrogen is produced in prostate cancer (PCa) and how it functions in PCa. Materials and Methods: To examine the production of estrogen in PCa cells, the concentration of estrogen in the medium in which LNCaP cells and PCa-derived stromal cells (PCaSC) were co-cultured, was measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), while aromatase (CYP19) mRNA expression was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. To verify whether estrogen is synthesized from testosterone in PCaSC functions, PCaSC were co-cultured with breast cancer MCF-7-E10 cells, which were stably-transfected with ERE-GFP, in the presence of testosterone. GFP expression was detected when PCaSCs could synthesize estrogen. The proliferation of PC-3 cells in the presence of PCaSC was determined by cell count. Results: PCaSC metabolized excessive testosterone to estrogen, which activated estrogen receptor in breast cancer cells. Moreover, estrogen synthesized from testosterone in PCaSC regulated the proliferation of PC-3 cell via repression of some unknown growth factors that were secreted from PCaSC. Conclusion: A chimeric co-culture method between breast cancer cells and PCaSC revealed the production of active estrogen in PCaSC. High-dose testosterone therapy might introduce a new potential strategy to treat CRPC.}, issn = {0250-7005}, URL = {https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/35/1/221}, eprint = {https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/35/1/221.full.pdf}, journal = {Anticancer Research} }