RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-induced Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Capacity, and the Risk of Lung Cancer: A Pilot Nested Case-control Study JF Anticancer Research JO Anticancer Res FD International Institute of Anticancer Research SP 3089 OP 3097 VO 33 IS 8 A1 SANG–YONG EOM A1 DONG–HYUK YIM A1 SUN IN MOON A1 JONG-WOO YOUN A1 HYO-JIN KWON A1 HYEONG CHAN OH A1 JAE JEONG YANG A1 SUE K. PARK A1 KEUN-YOUNG YOO A1 HYEONG SU KIM A1 KUN-SEI LEE A1 SOUNG-HOON CHANG A1 YONG–DAE KIM A1 JONG–WON KANG A1 HEON KIM YR 2013 UL http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/33/8/3089.abstract AB Aim: We conducted a pilot nested case–control study to prospectively evaluate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) exposure, antioxidant capacity, and oxidative stress on lung carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients with lung cancer and 140 age- and sex-matched controls were selected from a sub-cohort of the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort. PAH metabolites (1-hydroxypyrene and 2-naphthol), oxidative stress markers, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed using urine samples collected at baseline. Results: The levels of urinary PAH metabolites and oxidative stress were not different between cases and controls. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-naphthol levels were significantly associated with urinary oxidative stress markers only in lung cancer cases. Individuals with low urinary TAC and high urinary oxidative stress levels had significantly higher risk of lung cancer compared to those with high urinary TAC and low urinary oxidative stress levels. Conclusion: Oxidative stress induced by PAH exposure and TAC may be important determinants for the susceptibility to lung cancer.