<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><xml><records><record><source-app name="HighWire" version="7.x">Drupal-HighWire</source-app><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAIK, WOO HYUN</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KIM, HYE REE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PARK, JOO KYUNG</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SONG, BYEONG JUN</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LEE, SANG HYUB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HWANG, JIN-HYEOK</style></author></authors><secondary-authors></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemosensitivity Induced by Down-regulation of MicroRNA-21 in Gemcitabine-resistant Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Indole-3-Carbinol</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013-04-01 00:00:00</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1473-1481</style></pages><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><abstract><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Background/Aim: Overexpression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) indicates chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer. We evaluated the change of chemosensitivity to gemcitabine through the down-regulation of miR-21 in human pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1). Materials and Methods: The efficacy of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) in suppressing miR-21 expression and its anticancer effect in combination with gemcitabine were investigated. Results: Down-regulation of miR-21 by I3C was positively-correlated in a time- and dose-dependent manner. I3C and gemcitabine combination therapy increased cytotoxicity in Panc-1 cells. Transfection of miR-21 mimic abrogated I3C-induced sensitivity to gemcitabine. DNA fragmentation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assays showed that pre-treatment with I3C enhanced apoptosis and this effect was attenuated by miR-21 transfection. The expression of programmed cell death-4 (PDCD4) was increased by I3C and reduced by miR-21 transfection. Conclusion: I3C would be effective for enhancing sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine via down-regulation of miR-21. Such enhanced chemosensitivity might be explained by the increased expression of PDCD4, which is a downstream target which miR-21 negatively regulates.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>