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Research ArticleClinical Studies
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Characterization of Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Meningiomas: Correlation of Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocyte Aggregates With Tumor Grade

TOSHIAKI INOMO, MASASUKE OHNO, TORU NAGASAKA, SHUNICHIRO KURAMITSU, EIJI ITO, TADASHI WATANABE and MITSUGU FUJITA
Anticancer Research August 2025, 45 (8) 3487-3496; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17710
TOSHIAKI INOMO
1Department of Neurosurgery, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan;
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MASASUKE OHNO
2Department of Neurosurgery, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan;
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TORU NAGASAKA
3Association of Medical Artificial Intelligence Curation, Nagoya, Japan;
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SHUNICHIRO KURAMITSU
4Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan;
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EIJI ITO
1Department of Neurosurgery, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan;
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TADASHI WATANABE
1Department of Neurosurgery, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan;
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MITSUGU FUJITA
5Center for Medical Education and Clinical Training, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
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  • For correspondence: mfujita47-umn{at}umin.ac.jp
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    Figure 1.

    Diverse immune cells constitute the meningioma TIME. (A) Representative image of CD4 (red), CD20 (brown), and BCL-6 (green) triple immunostaining. Red arrow, CD4+ monocytes/macrophages; red arrowhead CD4+ T-cells; brown arrowhead, CD20+ B-cells; green arrowhead, BCL-6+ T-cells. (B) Representative image of CD8 (red) and CD103 (green) double immunostaining. Pink arrowhead, CD8+ T-cells; black arrowhead, CD8+ CD103+ tissue-resident memory T-cells (TRMs). (C) Magnified image of the TRM in Figure B. (D) TIL aggregation composed of abundant CD20+ B-cells. Green arrow, CD4+ BCL-6+ follicular helper T-cells (Tfh). (E) Magnified image of the Tfh-cell in Figure D. The cell nuclei are positive for BCL-6 (green), and the surrounding cell membranes are positive for CD4 (red). (F) TIL aggregation mainly composed of CD4+ T-cells. Scale bar, 100 μm (A, B, and D), 50 μm (C and E), and 250 μm (F).

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    Figure 2.

    The densities of TIL aggregates in the meningioma TIME correlate with pathological tumor grades. (A) CD4+ monocyte/macrophages, (B) CD4+ T-cells, (C) CD8+ T-cells, (D) tissue-resident memory T-cells (TRMs), (E) CD20+ B-cells, and (F) TIL aggregates.

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    Figure 3.

    The density ratios of CD4+ T− and CD8+ T-cells are correlated in grade 2 meningiomas. (A) grade 1 and (B) grade 2 meningiomas.

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Anticancer Research: 45 (8)
Anticancer Research
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August 2025
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Characterization of Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Meningiomas: Correlation of Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocyte Aggregates With Tumor Grade
TOSHIAKI INOMO, MASASUKE OHNO, TORU NAGASAKA, SHUNICHIRO KURAMITSU, EIJI ITO, TADASHI WATANABE, MITSUGU FUJITA
Anticancer Research Aug 2025, 45 (8) 3487-3496; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17710

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Characterization of Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Meningiomas: Correlation of Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocyte Aggregates With Tumor Grade
TOSHIAKI INOMO, MASASUKE OHNO, TORU NAGASAKA, SHUNICHIRO KURAMITSU, EIJI ITO, TADASHI WATANABE, MITSUGU FUJITA
Anticancer Research Aug 2025, 45 (8) 3487-3496; DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17710
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Keywords

  • Malignant meningioma
  • tumor immune microenvironment
  • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
  • B-cells
  • T-cells
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